Understanding the different stages of dementia can be helpful when providing care and treatment for patients. The disease progresses differently with each stage, from cognitive decline to the eventual loss of physical functions. While there is no cure, neurological specialists prescribe medication and therapy to alleviate symptoms. Here are the stages of dementia and their accompanying symptoms:
Early Stage Dementia
In the early stage, the patient is self-sufficient but starts to develop minimal interference in their daily activities. Some of the symptoms could be memory loss, trouble with speaking or pronouncing words, disorientation, and confusion. Cognitive impairment and forgetfulness result in the patient’s failure to remember recent discussions or pivotal moments in their lives. They might forget the names of places and persons and always have to be reminded of them.
Patients could have trouble formulating sentences when having conversations. They may start to provide only vague descriptions of events and objects, affecting their ability to hold complex or fast-paced conversations. Engaging the patient’s brain with cognitive exercises such as puzzle exercises may help with cognitive stimulation. An early diagnosis allows you to make informed decisions about potential treatment plans. Lifestyle changes and access to support services early on could help patients adapt to their changing cognitive abilities.
Middle Stage Dementia
During the middle stage, the patient’s ability to function independently becomes compromised. Common symptoms may include the inability to complete some tasks, increased dependence on caregivers, disorientation, and confusion. Patients’ long-term memory is also be affected, causing them to forget names, personal histories, and family members. Patients in the middle stage of dementia might be confused about time and their surrounding environments. Caregivers can modify patient’s living environments to optimize personal safety and prevent accidents.
Establishing routines for patients in the middle stage can help reduce anxiety and confusion. Using visual guides should help patients keep track of their daily activities. Engaging them in programs or activities that align with their interests may help boost their moods and overall productivity.
Late Stage Dementia
In the last stage of this disease, physical and cognitive abilities may decline concurrently. Some of the symptoms during this stage are loss of mobility, coordination, and control of bodily functions. Muscle weakness and loss of balance affect their ability to walk and may also cause them to become bedridden or confined to wheelchairs.
Chewing and swallowing may become difficult, leading patients to rely on support from caregivers to maintain good eating habits. Caregivers monitor signs of discomfort or pain and help manage the emotional and physical needs of patients during this stage. Patients’ perception of reality may be affected, leading to delusions and hallucinations. At the last stage, families and caregivers can opt for end-of-life care, including hospices and palliative care services. This type of care focuses on preserving the patient’s comfort and quality of life.
Get Treatment for Dementia
Proper care and treatment can manage dementia. Seek professional advice to understand the different stages and how you can support your loved one through each phase. Knowing the effects of each stage can help you know what steps to take next. Consult a neurology specialist for a diagnosis and explore the available treatment options.
